Jun 16, 2020 · Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF) is the controlled slippage of the translating ribosome to an alternative frame. This process is widely employed by human viruses such as HIV and...

Feb 1, 2024 · Titration of OAZ via AZIN prevents OAZ from targeting ODC for degradation, stabilizing ODC, and enhancing putrescine synthesis, promoting further +1 PRF. Moreover, eIF5A complementarity also leads to increased translation of HOL1 mRNA, increasing the levels of polyamines and promoting the +1 PRF.

OAZ downregulates polyamine synthesis by stimulating ubiquitin-independent degradation of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), the enzyme that catalyzes the first step in polyamine biosynthesis. When polyamine levels are low, +1 PRF on the OAZ mRNA is low, thus downregulating OAZ synthesis and resulting in increased levels of polyamines.

May 10, 2019 · Ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), a key enzyme in this process, is degraded by ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (OAZ). Synthesis of OAZ requires a +1 PRF event that is stimulated by polyamines. Thus, when polyamine levels are low, OAZ is not made, and ODC is available to synthesize polyamines.

Programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting (−1 PRF) has been identified as a mechanism to regulate the expression of many viral genes and some cellular genes. The slippery site of −1 PRF has been...

Jul 12, 2006 · A similar shifty stop +1 frameshift in the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (OAZ) of eukaryotes provides a method of feedback regulation in response to downstream metabolic products. OAZ both inhibits and targets for degradation the …

A well‐studied example of eukaryotic frameshifting is the ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (OAZ). 55, 103 The antizyme, which is needed to degrade polyamines, requires a +1 frameshift to be produced.

Feb 19, 2016 · Programmed −1 ribosomal frameshifting (−1 PRF) has been identified as a mechanism to regulate the expression of many viral genes and some cellular genes. The slippery site of −1 PRF has been...

Schematic representation of polyamine control of OAZ, AZIN, and AdoMetDC mRNA translation. A, OAZ is encoded by two partially overlapping ORFs linked through ribosomal +1 frameshifting.

Nov 14, 2018 · Programmed ribosomal frameshifting (PRF), i.e. controlled slippage of the ribosome, is a mechanism by which two proteins with alternative C termini can be generated from the same mRNA. It allows for an expansion of the proteome but also constitutes an additional regulatory layer to fine-tune gene