As the primary etiological agents of cervical cancer, human papillomaviruses (HPVs) must deliver their genetic material into the nucleus of the target cell. The viral capsid has evolved to fulfil various roles that are critical to establish viral infection.

HPVs are non-enveloped DNA viruses with a tropism for the squamous epithelium. Each virus particle consists of an icosahedral capsid of about 60 nm in diameter, containing a single molecule of double stranded circular DNA of approximately 8,000 base pairs [8].

Recombinant L1 proteins can spontaneously self-assemble into a highly immunogenic structure that closely mimics the natural surface of native papillomavirus virions. This has served as the basis for two highly successful vaccines against cancer-causing human papillomaviruses (HPVs).

Jun 25, 2022 · The major antigen used for the immunization against HPV is the L1 major capsid protein. The L1 protein is produced through recombinant technology and self-assembles into virus-like particles (VLP). The vaccine is administered intramuscularly.

Antibody responses to the HPV capsid are used as a marker of cumulative exposure to HPV while antibodies to E6 and E7 have been shown to be markers of malignant HPV-associated cervical or oropharyngeal disease.

Recombinant L1 proteins can spontaneously self-assemble into a highly immunogenic structure that closely mimics the natural surface of native papillomavirus virions. This has served as the basis for two highly successful vaccines against cancer-causing human papillomaviruses (HPVs).

Human papillomavirus infection (HPV infection) is caused by a DNA virus from the Papillomaviridae family. [5] Many HPV infections cause no symptoms and 90% resolve spontaneously within two years. [1] In some cases, an HPV infection persists and results in either warts or precancerous lesions. [2] These lesions, depending on the site affected, increase the risk of cancer of the cervix, vulva ...

Detection of HPV capsid antigen in affected tissue with a broadly cross-reactive antiserum raised against disrupted viral capsids (see section 1.3.3) identifies productive HPV infection with a high specificity. Detection of capsid antigen is highly correlated with the presence of koilocytes.

Feb 21, 2024 · These data delineate the lineage-specific antigenic relationship between capsid proteins of several oncogenic HPV genotypes and improve our understanding of lineage-specific immunity in HPV natural infection.

Oct 26, 2007 · Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) are known etiologic agents of cervical cancer. Vaccines that contain virus-like particles (VLPs) made of L1 capsid protein from several high risk HPV types have proven to be effective against HPV infections.