Nov 27, 2022 · Cranial views are important for the assessment of the distal RCA bifurcation, and one should obtain at least an LAO cranial or AP cranial view. C. AP cranial (30° cranial) This …

May 16, 2021 · AP (PA) cranial view is ideal for most lesions in the proximal and mid LAD. A cranial angulation of 40º shows the diagonal and septal branches in opposite directions, well …

Cranial angulation can usually be distinguished from caudal angulation by the presence of the diaphragm. For cranial imaging, the patient should be asked to inspire to remove the …

Dr. Kern shares a simple method to show how the heart and the arteries move when changing from anterior-posterior (AP) projection to the left and right anterior oblique views (LAO, RAO) …

Optimal Views LAO caudal and cranial; AP-caudal, cranial or flat. Limit views. May need IVUS. Course down the anterior interventricular groove-usually reaches apex. In 22% of cases does …

Aug 7, 2019 · AP or LAO cranial for the distal RCA, posterior descending artery (PDA), and posterior left ventricular branch Table 14-1 summarizes commonly used views for each …

It involves the selective injection of a radiopaque contrast agent directly into a coronary artery. Coronary angiography has undergone major transformation ever since its inception by Dr. F. …

Many operators prefer to use a cranial (30°) AP projection as a routine view for the right coronary artery since this clearly delineates the region of the crux cordis and lesions of the posterior …

Feb 21, 2020 · The AP-cranial view shows the origin of the RCA. The mid segment is foreshortened. However, this is the best view to display the posterior descending and …

AP cranial: Best for visualizing distal RCA bifurcation and the PDA/PLV branches