Dec 13, 2018 · Scalenectomy refers to the surgical removal of the scalene muscle. The scalene muscles are a group of three pairs of muscles in the lateral neck. They include the anterior …

Surgery may involve removing scar tissue caused by repetitive use of an arm or shoulder that may be compressing adjacent nerves, arteries, veins, and muscles. Sometimes surgeons also …

Dec 29, 2021 · Compression in the interscalene or costoclavicular space with the first rib and scalene muscle leads to vascular and neurogenic TOS, whereas compression in the …

In patients found to have a scalene minimus muscle anomaly (a small extra muscle that may pass between the brachial plexus nerve roots), this muscle is also removed at this stage of the …

In the author's opinion, the supraclavicular approach is favored because of its improved exposure to the scalene muscles and brachial plexus. The technique of supraclavicular first rib resection …

Surgical treatment of TOS is performed via thoracic outlet decompression (TOD). TOD surgery includes complete resection of the first rib (cartilage to cartilage), transection of the scalene …

Key Findings: At 3 to 6 months after first rib-sparing scalenectomy to treat 504 cases of scalene block-proved neurogenic thoracic outlet syndrome, 90.9% had resulted in a ≥50% …

Conclusions: These results suggest that (1) adherence to a rigorous preoperative diagnostic regimen, including performance of a scalene block, ensures, at the least, that surgery for …

Jan 20, 2021 · Adequate neurolysis for TOS is considered an important procedure for superior outcomes. 9,13 Endoscopic-assisted surgery would help achieve meticulous release and …

In addition, the surgeon can see the insertions of the anterior and middle scalene muscles, as well as fibrous bands and other soft tissue anomalies. The surgeon can resect the first rib in the …