This book is intended to cover and explain design practices and building code requirements for the design of earth retaining structures.

Definition: Retaining walls are usually built to hold back soil mass. However, retaining walls can also be constructed for aesthetic landscaping purposes. Retaining walls are structures that are constructed to retail soil or any such materials which are unable to stand vertically by themselves.

This design example focuses on the analysis and design of a tapered cantilever retaining wall including a comparison with model results from the engineering software programs spWall and spMats. The retaining wall is fixed to the reinforced concrete slab foundation with a shear key for sliding resistance.

Wall footing – A continuous wall bears on a wide pad to distribute the load. Eccentric footing – A spread or wall footing that also must resist a moment in addition to the axial column load. Combined footing – Multiple columns (typically two) bear on a …

Wall footing should be designed to safely support structural or nonstructural walls and transmit and distribute the loads to the soil in such a manner that the load-bearing capacity of the soil is not surpassed.

Building Code Section 1807.2.1 requires retaining walls to be designed to ensure stability against overturning, sliding, excessive foundation pressure and water uplift and Section 1807.1.5 requires foundation walls to be designed in accordance with Chapter 19 (Concrete) and/or 21 (Masonry).

The need for a footing in a retaining wall depends on various factors, including the height of the wall, the type of soil, and the slope's angle. In general, shorter walls with stable soil conditions may not require a footing.

Oct 8, 2024 · In residential areas, retaining walls can transform unusable sloped yards into functional spaces for gardens, patios, or play areas. For commercial properties, they can maximize land use and create aesthetically pleasing landscapes. Key Factors in …

Flexural design for wall footings assumes that the heel and toe portions of the footing are designed as cantilevered beams from the face of the retaining wall. There are generally two deflected shapes that will occur for footings depending on the loading.

Jan 22, 2025 · Usually, a retaining wall needs a footing reinforced at top and bottom. However, for small retaining walls, a footing with a single layer of reinforcement may be good enough. This document is a step-by-step overview of the design of a single-layer wall footing example using ASDIP RETAIN. Start your ASDIP RETAIN free 15-day trial; Single-layer ...