The continuous spectrum of the visible photosphere of the Sun is attributable to the radiative equilibrium of the $\mathrm{H}^{-}$ ion. This has been recognised for at least 80 years ( Wildt 1939 ). This ion forms by the attachment of a free electron (with a continuous spectrum of energies) to a hydrogen atom, emitting a continuous spectrum of ...

Apr 27, 2015 · Another way of calculating the earth - sun distance is to look at the centrifugal and the gravitational force. This solution assumes that one already knows the mass of the sun, but thats a different problem ;-).

Apr 27, 2018 · However, the Sun will accrete $\sim 10^{42}\ \mathrm{kg\ m^2\ s^{-1}}$ of angular momentum, which is comparable to its current angular momentum. The accretion of Jupiter in this way is therefore sufficient to increase the angular momentum of the Sun by a significant amount. In the long term this will have a drastic effect on the magnetic ...

Feb 15, 2017 · The Sun has actually set/risen and we see it due to the way light is bent across the atmosphere. Apparently due to coincidence of the size and distance of the sun, its exactly the same size - so if we see 50% of the sun, the sun is 50% below the horizon. So, I understand all this, so here is my question :

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Jan 8, 2024 · At the sun's surface, sunlight is similar to black body radiation at the sun's surface temperature. Thus, if you brought a surface next to the sun's surface, it would be able to heat up to that same temperature. And this temperature determines the entropy content of the sunlight. Now the sunlight leaves the sun and spreads out through space.

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Another is the fact that true Sun's path, the ecliptic, makes a $23.5^\circ$ angle with the celestial equator, which also causes seasonal variations in true Sun's speed along the celestial equator. To get around these problems, astronomers invented the "mean Sun" for timekeeping, and it moves at a uniform rate (not a variable rate) along the ...

Jul 22, 2017 · The moon or the sun on the other hand do not appear noticeably smaller, because their real distance does not change much when they move to the horizon. But the brain would expect them to be smaller, much as the clouds, or a plane, and hence perceives them as larger than they 'should be'.