The vertebral artery is divided into four segments (V1–V4; Figure 1). The V1 segment originates at the subclavian artery and extends to the transverse foramina of either the fifth or sixth ...
Accessory Transverse Foramen (ATF): An additional foramen that may be present in the cervical vertebrae, which can affect the course of the vertebral artery and has implications for anatomical ...
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