During surgery, long segments of the first four ribs and part of the sternum were removed with an oncologically safe margin, ...

This action decreases pressure and increases the space in the thoracic cavity, allowing your lungs to expand as you inhale. When the diaphragm relaxes, your chest cavity becomes smaller and your lungs ...

During breathing, the external intercostals elevate the ribs while the internal intercostals depress the ribs and decrease the volume of the thoracic cavity within the ribcage during breathing. As ...

For an open biopsy, the surgeon will place the individual under general anesthesia and open the chest cavity to retrieve the tissue. Doctors use this procedure to collect a sample of lung tissue ...

and thoracic surgery. Advances in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) and an evolving understanding of MG's pathophysiology have significantly improved patient care. TETs, the most common anterior ...

1 The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China 2 Department of Thoracic Surgery, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, Gansu, China Chondrosarcoma-like malignant ...