The cell wall provides structural support and protection, while the capsule, found in some bacteria, plays a crucial role in resisting host immune attacks, adaptation to new niches and pathogenesis.

and he observed that these bacteria had the smooth capsules characteristic of the S strain. Based on these observations, Griffith hypothesized that a chemical component from the virulent S cells ...

While studying white blood cells, Miescher isolated ... scientists knew that some types of these bacteria (called "S type") had an outer layer called a capsule, but other types (called "R type ...

A supercapacitor made from sargassum seaweed nanofibers powers medical devices inside the body, kills bacteria, and naturally ...