and there is also a hemodynamically significant lesion in the proximal left subclavian artery. Flow reversal can occur in both the vertebral and internal mammary artery, or can be isolated to ...

In addition, in cases of subclavian steal from the vertebral artery, there is a graded system showing a progressive change in the ipsilateral vertebral artery waveform. Grade I lesions demonstrate ...

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. “I’ve always needed to walk away from the predictable,” she tells Prog. “I love doing ...

Owing to the improvement in BMT after completion of initial CEA and some of the CAS trials, the SPACE-2 (Stent Protected Angioplasty in Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis vs Endarterectomy) trial ...