Some causes of GERD include being overweight or obese, being pregnant, having a hiatal hernia and smoking or being exposed to smoke. Certain medications can also cause or irritate existing acid ...

Robotic surgery will see a major expansion across the NHS with mechanical arms now used for a host of routine operations. Robotic arm systems costing between £500,000 and £1.5million now will be ...

Indications for the thoracic approach included paraesophageal hernias, recurrent hiatal hernias and previous upper abdominal surgery. Results There was no operative mortality. Immediate ...

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen. This muscle, also called the thoracic diaphragm, is the main muscle used for breathing and is also involved in other ...

Initial imaging did not reveal a hernia, and conservative management was unsuccessful. Re-evaluation of imaging suggested a hiatal hernia, and thoracoscopic exploration confirmed a large hernia with ...

A sliding hiatal hernia, the most common by far, occurs when the gastroesophageal junction protrudes above the diaphragm. A paraesophageal hiatal hernia occurs when a part of the stomach protrudes ...

Purpose: The successful repair of any complex ventral hernia requires a thorough understanding of the underlying anatomical defect and its functional context. We describe an improved “functional” ...