Physicists know from previous experiments that what happens at the nuclear scale to protons and neutrons also affects their ...

Located in Hamburg, Germany, this cutting-edge facility is home to the world’s largest and most powerful X-ray laser. Axion ...

Carnegie Mellon University's Professor Curtis Meyer and his research colleagues explore an uncharted world inside protons and ...

Holographic Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is a theoretical framework that uses concepts from string theory and general relativity to study the strong interactions between quarks and gluons, the ...

At such extreme temperatures, according to nuclear theory, ordinary matter made of protons and neutrons transforms into a plasma of fundamental particles called quarks and gluons. At the world’s most ...

Heavy-ion physics is a branch of nuclear physics that studies the behavior of nuclear matter under extreme conditions, such as those found in heavy-ion collisions. These collisions can create a ...

Particle detectors play a crucial role in our understanding of the fundamental building blocks of the universe. They allow ...

In the higher energy picture, composite protons and neutrons (composed of quarks and gluons) interact through quantum chromodynamics (QCD). This residual interaction is the strong nuclear force.