(Note: Hereafter, follow the signatures of the more than 200 town heads. It was this Aug. 1, 1898 independence proclamation that the Malolos Congress ratified on Sept. 29, 1898.) ...

Convened on September 15, 1898, the Malolos Congress was tasked to draft the Constitution of the Philippines. The Malolos Constitution was formally adopted by the Malolos Congress on January 20 ...

For this column, I compared two delegate lists to the Malolos Congress, one from September 1898 compiled and certified by Pedro Paterno, President of Congress, the second from July 1899, based on ...

For this column, I compared two delegate lists to the Malolos Congress, one from September 1898 compiled and certified by Pedro Paterno, President of Congress, the second from July 1899 ...