When you select the NOINT or NOSCALE option, restrictions are placed on the intercept or scale parameters. Lagrange multiplier, or score, statistics are computed in these cases. These statistics ...

This field functions as a Lagrangian multiplier, enforcing constraints on how matter-induced metrics affect spacetime ...

The world is digital, but sometimes the power of analog is just what is needed. The analog multiplier is a case in point with its ability to deliver real-time results, especially with rapidly ...

A significant aspect of this theory is the introduction of the G-field, an auxiliary field functioning as a Lagrangian ...