It’s made up of a central nucleus consisting of protons and neutrons, called nucleons, with electrons orbiting around ...

If the number of neutrons N is 2 then there must be 4 - 2 = 2 protons. There are 2 protons in the helium nucleus. If the atom loses one or more electrons, it will have more protons than electrons ...

The “lead” of a pencil is actually made of a substance called graphite which is made of carbon atoms. The picture shows a close-up of one carbon atom. A hydrogen atom has one proton as the nucleus and ...

It also tells us that chlorine has 18 neutrons (35 - 17) and, as the number of electrons and protons are equal in a neutral atom, chlorine also has 17 electrons. The relative mass of a nucleus is ...

Protons have a charge of +1. Electrons have a charge of -1. Neutrons are neutral, as its name implies. A stable atom has a net charge of 0. In other words, it has an equal number of protons and ...

Most of the nuclei grew by capturing more neutrons. When they captured too many, they became unstable. Then some of the neutrons inside them turned into protons and electrons. The electrons shot ...

For example, a helium atom has an atomic mass of 4, but an atomic number (or positive charge) of 2. Since electrons have almost no mass, it seemed that something besides the protons in the nucleus ...