A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is due to an abnormal connection between the carotid artery and/or its branches and the cavernous sinus. Arterial blood with relatively higher pressures entering ...
This group of spinal vascular disorders includes spinal dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs), spinal arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), cavernous malformations and spinal artery aneurysms. This ...