Work since that time has backed up the theory, which has come to be known as Ekman's theory of wind-driven ocean ... a better understanding of ocean surface flow and circulation patterns.

Circulation in the Arctic Ocean, Polar Res ... Woodgate, Impact of wind-driven mixing in the Arctic Ocean, Oceanography 24, (2011). 136-145, doi: 10.5670/oceanog.2011.65. Rigor, I.