In the bass clef, middle C goes on the first ledger line above the staff. Similarly, for notes lower than the bass staff, you would use additional ledger lines below the staff. Beyond the treble ...

These are described as ledger lines ... as they play lower pitched notes, where a guitarist would use the treble clef. It's ...

There are many different mnemonics that can be used to remember the notes on the alto clef (reading from the bottom line up). You could use this mnemonic to remember the notes on the lines: You ...