A tutorial on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) networking reference model plus tips on how to memorize the seven layers. The Open Systems Interconnect (OSI) model is a conceptual framework ...

but the transport layer performs a sequence check on the data and ensures that if a 12MB file is sent, the full 12MB is received. "OSI transport services" include layers 1 through 4, collectively ...

I especially enjoyed learning new ways to remember the OSI Model; for example ... blocks of the network connection. The Physical Layer includes cable specs, pin-out patterns, voltages, hubs ...

According to the OSI Model, the session layer is where connections are established, managed, and torn down. For connection-oriented network protocols, understanding how the session layer works ...

The OSI model is the basis for most of the modern digital communications. Let’s dive into the seven layers of the OSI model and answers the billion-dollar question: how to protect the transmitted data ...

Its seven-layered approach to data transmission divides the many operations up into specific related groups of actions at each layer (Fig. 1). 1. In the OSI model, data flows down the transmit ...

The application layer in the TCP/IP stack, and its equivalent layers in the OSI model, deals with session management and applications executed on the equipment. Here, we find a varied combination ...

The OSI model defines protocols for how a network technically handles communications at the various functional layers. Starting with electrons and photons at the physical layer (Layer 1), the ...

Fig. 1: The 7-layer OSI model. Courtesy technology.blurtit.com. Fig. 2. Protocols within the layers. (Courtesy Acturus Networks) Security protocols can be implemented in just about any layer – either ...