In addition, in cases of subclavian steal from the vertebral artery, there is a graded system showing a progressive change in the ipsilateral vertebral artery waveform. Grade I lesions demonstrate ...

Subclavian Steal Syndrome (SSS) is a condition that arises when there is a significant blockage or stenosis in the subclavian artery, which can lead to reversed blood flow in the vertebral artery.

There are a paucity of data in the literature regarding the natural history in patients with subclavian artery occlusive disease. The left subclavian artery is more frequently involved than the ...