The first law of thermodynamics states the principle of energy conservation ... The change in the internal energy, du, depends only upon the initial and final state of the system and NOT on the path ...

The first and second laws of thermodynamics. Entropy and equilibrium. Material and energy balances. Equations of state and properties of fluids. Solutions, phase equilibria, and chemical reaction.

Thermodynamics First Law. Temperature. Enthalpy ... Consecutive reactions. The steady-state approximation. Complex mechanisms. Atom/radical Combination Reactions. Diffusion-limited kinetics. Enzyme ...

First, the respiratory chain is thermodynamically ... However, interpretations that contravene the laws of thermodynamics, or at least require re-evaluation of fundamental tenets of bioenergetics ...

The famous second law of thermodynamics says that the world gets more and more disordered when random chance is at play. Or, ...

The grandfather paradox is just one of the thorny logical problems that arise with the concept of time travel. But one physicist says he has resolved them.