Bilateral optic disc swelling is an important clinical sign that can reflect a variety of inflammatory, infectious, toxic, metabolic, genetic, or vascular conditions, such as hypertension.

The condition appears to be triggered when the optic nerve swells, choking off its blood supply because the nerve's pathway ...

hypertensive retinopathy, severe papilledema Progression >2 weeks or lack of some recovery by 1 month NMO-associated optic neuritis, ischemic optic neuropathy, malignant optic nerve glioma or ...

High blood pressure, or hypertension ... (AMD), and diabetic retinopathy. Additionally, smoking exacerbates conditions like dry eye syndrome and optic nerve damage. The toxins in cigarettes ...