The shoulder and hip joints are both ball and socket joints. A ball and socket joint is a type of synovial joint that allows movement in almost every direction. A ball and socket joint is made up ...

Background GIRD is a condition resulting in the loss of internal rotation of the glenohumeral joint as compared to the contralateral side. Mechanism of GIRD is caused by repetitive throwing such as a ...

Participants and interventions: Sixteen healthy subjects (32 shoulders) were measured for inferior glenohumeral joint laxity. One observer used the laxometer in 16 subjects on three separate occasions ...