The investigation of light and optical properties stretches back centuries, at least to the ancient Greeks, Egyptians, and Mesopotamians. In fact, even artificial lenses date back to as early as ...

Well, any of us who has ever looked through a telescope could say the same, for the two principal types in use today were developed by giants: the refractor by Galileo and the reflector by Newton.

Here, Galileo took this crude device with a magnification ... known as chromatic aberration was a limiting factor in refracting telescopes, and that this could be overcome by making lenses with ...

Galileo, who first trained a telescope on ... Subsequent observers took the design of glass-lensed, refracting telescopes to great lengths, sometimes literally so. In Danzig, Johannes Hevelius ...