Hybrid separation techniques that use a combination of membranes and distillation could reduce energy use by a factor of two or three, but large volumes of membrane materials -- up to one million ...

Hollow, pumpkin-shaped molecules can efficiently separate valuable hydrocarbons from crude oil, KAUST researchers have shown.

This is because the boiling points of water (100 degrees C) and vinegar (about 100.6 degrees C) and are too close together to result in a full separation of both components.

More information: Tomohiro Itogawa et al, Efficient Magic State Distillation by Zero-level Distillation, PRX Quantum (2025). DOI: 10.1103/thxx-njr6 . On arXiv : DOI: 10.48550/arxiv.2403.03991 ...