The system, which has received CE Mark approval in Europe, adds to an increasingly crowded field of PFA technologies.

Other common risk factors for MVD include: Coronary artery spasms (CAS) happen when the muscles within the heart's arteries suddenly tighten, temporarily narrowing the arteries. This narrowing can ...

In current European and American revascularization guidelines, RA grafts are now strongly endorsed as the second conduit for CABG based on easy harvesting and relative greater patency over time, among ...

If your coronary arteries are temporarily narrowing due to muscle contraction. This can disrupt blood flow and trigger a heart attack. In some cases, a blow to the chest, like during a sports ...

which contributes to the potentially higher risk of additional PCI Some degree of diffuse coronary spasm (either due to endothelial dysfunction or due to catecholamine use) is frequently present ...

Ergonovine is not commonly used for this purpose any longer since the spasm can be severe and result in infarction. Coronary vasospasm can cause ST elevation on the ECG, but only during symptoms.