In the case of the facility in Kazan, at least one Pantsir-S1 system was operational, as evidenced by the nearby burned-out boosters of the two-stage 57E6 missiles. However, this defense proved ...

These systems began entering service in the 1990s. They use 57E6 or 57E6-E missiles, which allow for neutralizing targets located up to 19 kilometres away and moving at altitudes of up to 14 ...