Lincoln is a city in Benton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,144 at the 2020 census. A post office called Lincoln was establ…Lincoln is a city in Benton County, Missouri, United States. The population was 1,144 at the 2020 census. A post office called Lincoln was established in 1866. The city was named for Abraham Lincoln, sixteenth President of the United States.